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R Object

In R, everything you create or work with is stored as an object.
Objects can be numbers, text, data tables, functions, or even plots.
Think of an object as a named container that stores information in your R environment.

Common Types of R Objects

Vector – a sequence of values (same type)

numbers <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)     # Numeric vector

names <- c("Asha", "Raj", "Zara")  # Character vector

names

[1] "Asha" "Raj"  "Zara"

Curious Candy 🍬🍭🍬

Why are we not seeing numbers in the results?

Common Types of R Objects

Matrix – 2D table of numbers

mymatrix <- matrix(1:6, nrow = 2)

mymatrix

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    3    5
[2,]    2    4    6

Common Types of R Objects

Data Frame – table with rows and columns (like Excel)

mydata <- data.frame(
  Name = c("Ali", "Beena"),
  Age = c(25, 30)
)

mydata

   Name Age
1   Ali  25
2 Beena  30

Common Types of R Objects

List – collection of different types of objects
- A list can contain vectors, numbers, strings, even other lists.

mylist <- list(name = "Sara", scores = c(90, 85, 88), passed = TRUE)

mylist

$name
[1] "Sara"

$scores
[1] 90 85 88

$passed
[1] TRUE

Common Types of R Objects

Function – reusable set of instructions

add <- function(x, y) {
  return(x + y)
}

add(3, 4)   # Output: 7

[1] 7

💡Guidelines to “name” R Objects:

A name cannot start with a number.
A name cannot use some special symbols, like ^, !, $, @, +, -, /, or *,:.
Avoid caps.
Avoid space.
Use dash (like weight-kg) or underscore (like weight_kg).
If chronology matters then add date (2020-09-05-file-name).

🤯 Your Turn: Create this dataset

🤩 Your Turn Answer

age <- c(23, 25, 16, 40, 34)

age

Assignment Operator

Important

R assignment operators: Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

object_name <- c(2, 3, 4, 5)

object_name

Create object

Code
Output

income <- c(23000, 25000, 16000, 4000, 34000)

income

Create object

Code
Output

name <- c("Bhim", "Rama", "Sara", "Phule", "Savitri")

name

Create object

Code
Output

place <- c("MH", "RJ", "DL", "HR", "HR")

place

Create object

Code
Output

weight_kg <- c(50, 52, 61, 40, 70)

weight_kg

RStudio Environment Window

Basic Object Types

Type	Description	Example
`numeric`	Numbers (floating point)	`3.14`, `2`, `-5`
`integer`	Whole numbers	`2L`, `100L`
`character`	Text strings	`"R is great"`
`logical`	Boolean values	`TRUE`, `FALSE`

🤔 How to combine all these objects and form a data set?

👇 Something Like This 😻😻

     name income age place weight_kg
1    Bhim  23000  23    MH        50
2    Rama  25000  25    RJ        52
3    Sara  16000  16    DL        61
4   Phule   4000  40    HR        40
5 Savitri  34000  34    HR        70

How to create a data object?

Code
Output

example_df <- data.frame(name, income, age, place, weight_kg)

example_df

     name income age place weight_kg
1    Bhim  23000  23    MH        50
2    Rama  25000  25    RJ        52
3    Sara  16000  16    DL        61
4   Phule   4000  40    HR        40
5 Savitri  34000  34    HR        70

Export data as a `csv` file

Code
Output

library(readr)

# create a folder in wd & name it "data"
write_csv(example_df, "data/example_df.csv")

List of all objects

Code
Output

objects()

R OBJECTS

R Object

Common Types of R Objects

Common Types of R Objects

Common Types of R Objects

Common Types of R Objects

Common Types of R Objects

💡Guidelines to “name” R Objects:

🤯 Your Turn: Create this dataset

🤩 Your Turn Answer

Create Object

Assignment Operator

Create object

Create object

Create object

Create object

RStudio Environment Window

Basic Object Types

🤔 How to combine all these objects and form a data set?

How to create a data object?

Export data as a `csv` file

List of all objects

R Comments

Comment:

How to Write Comments in R

Why Comments Are Important in R

Examples

RStats
Community

Help using console `>`

RStudio: Package website

Posit community

Stack Overflow

GitHub